Lathe and method of machining stock



Aug. 11, 1925.

- G. D. SUNDSTRAND LATHE AND METHOD 0F MACHINING STOCK Original Filed Dec. 13. 1919 4 sneets-sne'e 1- Aug. 11, 1925.

G. D. SUNDSTRAND LATHE AND METHOD OF MACHINING STOCK Original Filed Dec. 15 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 11, 1925. 1,549,278

' v G. D. SUNDSTRAND LATHE AND METHOD OF MACHINING STOCK Original Filed Dec.15 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 jfidenzozf fizzsiaffl urzszzanoi Aug; 11,, 1925. 1,549,278

G. D; SUNDSTRAND LATHE AND METHOD OF MACHINING STOCK Original Filed Dec. 15, 1919 4 Sheets-Shae? 4 To all 'wlwm it camera:

Patented a... 11, 1925.

UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

- answer navm' scnns'rmnn, or nocxrom), nmmors, assrenoa 'ro a'ocxroan 'roor.

COMPANY, OEBOCKFORD, ILLINOIS A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

Leeann AND ma'rnon or macnmme sro'cx'.

Application filed December 18,191 s rial No. 344,579. Renewed October 27, 1022. Serial in. 597,427.

Be it known that I, GUSTAI DAVID SUND- S'IYRAND', a citizen. of the United States, resid- .ing atRockford, in the county of Winne bagoand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Lathes-and Methods of Machming Stock, of

which the following is a specification.

'My invention relates to lathes and more especially to semi-automatic lathes 'desilgned to automatically perform part or a of the mechanical operations necessary In the: present-embodiment of my invention, the entire machining process is automatlc it being only necessary for the workman to put thework in place betweenthe spindles and start the machine.

One 'ob'ect of my invention is to provide a lathe'o theclass above referred to having a reartool as well as a front tool carr age and tocombine the motion of the front'tool' with that of the rear tool in a more eflicient manner 'thadheretofore; '25

Another object of my invention is' to provideqfo'r complete automatic actuation of boththe front and rear tools.

Further objects and advantages will be apparent as the description proceeds.- .30'-

- is a side view and Fig.- 2 a plan' view of a lathe accordin to my invention. Fig. 3 is .In-the accompanying drawings,Figure 1 an'end view rom the head-stock end and Fig.4 is an end view from the tail-stock end, the tail-stock being removed to show the front and rear tools, Fig. a plan view showing an alternative arrangement of the automatic-cam means I have' selected for operating my device- Fig. 6 is a fragment'ary front elevation of a portion of the parts illustrated in Fig. 5, and-Fig.7 is an-end view similar to Fig; 4 illustrating the mod' i 5 i I fied construction.

-- The device disclosed and'in which ied, comprises a lathe bed having a,front tool and a rear' tool, means-for supporting and rotating the work and automatic means .for actuating said front and rear tools.

Referring" to the drawings; I have shown a bed 10 having front ways 11 and 12, and

I "rear ways 13 and 14. O The rearmost front way 12 and the frontmo'st rear" way 13-as clearly indicated in Fig. 4 are located one above the other approximately in the vertipgilnciples of my .invention have been em-p December 16 1919,'and.need not be further.

described. it should be understood that my invention is not limited to alathe having this type of bed but may be applied to any type of lathe.

I have illustrated a piece of work 15 mounted between the lathe centers 8 'and 9 handled to especial advanta e in a machine of this sort. As illustrate ,the piece of work 15 is cylindrical and comfprises a plurality of cylindrical portions '0 successivel decreasing diameters. In machining wor of this character itfhas heretofore been. vnece'ssa face an 'subse uently to square the radial to machine each cylindrical surfaces forming t e shoulders. According to my in ention all the cylindrical surfaces are simultaneously machined by a set or the work'being of a type which can be (gang of tools 16 mounted in a holder 17 an the shoulders are also all uared taneously by a similar set of tools-18 car- .ried by the rear tool holder 19.

In performing these operations autom'ati-.

' cally, the front tool holder 17 is first moved in toward the center linefrom the position shown in Fig. 2 to a point where longitudisimulnal motion will machine the various cylin drical portions to the desired diameters. It

then automatically held at this radial distance and fed longitudinally to the right,

awayfrom the partly 'finished shoulders to as the fronttools have started moving to the right, the rear tools 18 are fed in andfinishlthe shoulders simultaneously with the finishing of the'cylindrical portions by the front tool. Whenthe operation is completed both thefront and rear tools-are automatically returned to their initial positions and v 'allthe workman need do isto stop the spin dle, re lace the finished piece of work with an 11' shed piece 'of stock, and startthe spindle-again.

The means lhave provided for automatically actuating the front tool comprises alongitudinal, shaft 20 located centrally under the front tool carriage 21 and carrying a cylindrical cam22, a ainst the longitudigenerate the cylindrical portions. As soon nally acting end face 0 whicha cam :roller 23 engages. The cam roller '23 is -rotatably journaled in the end of a roller carrying "block '24 longitudinally adjustable along the under surface of the front tool carriage 21 and ada ted to. be clamped in longitudinall ad usted position by a suitable clamping olt 25. A longitudinal socket 26 in the end of the front tool carriage 21 contains a compression spring 27, and apush in 28 carried by an adjustable block 29 a apted to be clamped in any desired position on'the front way 11 by a suitable clamping bolt 30, and plate 31, enters the socket 26 and forms an abutment for the'spring.

-- Transverse motion is transmitted to the front tool holder 17 through another longitudinally extending shaft 33. This shaft is journaled for sliding rotation in suitable bearings in the front portion of'the front tool carriage 21 and carries a radially-acting cam 34. The cross slide 32 is transversely slidable on the carriage 21 which also supports a transversely slidable block 35. I

The block 35 and the cross slide 32 ar a'djustably held in spaced relation by the usual ending in a radial step which extends inwardly to the beginning of the spiral portion.

To generate the front tool'motion desired for theparticular piece-of work shown, I

l have illustrated the cam 22 as having a plane portion 42 followed by a heli'cally cut portion 43. The two cams 22 and 34 are geared together for simultaneous rotation at the same speed. 7 It will -be ap' arent that when they are properly adjuste the spiral portion of the cam 34 will feed the front tool in while the plane portion of the cam 22 allows the front tool carriage to remain at rest. Subsequently the cylindrical portion of the cam 34 will hold the front tool holder at a rope'r radial distance while the helical port1on of the cam 22 forces the frontcarriage longitudinally to machine the cylindrical portions of the work.

The rear tool I have illustrated is of the typedescribed and illustrated in my copending application, Serial No. 336,705 filed November 8., 1919 and need not be herein described in detail. Briefly it comprises a base 44 clamped in adjusted position by suitable bolts 45 and a clamping plate 46, and

surmounted by apivoted. carriage 47 adapted'to rotate on. the vertical axis of the up- Qwardly extending transmission shaft 48 and to be clamped in any desired position by suitable clamping bolts 49. A slide 50 having a suitable rack engaging a pinion 51 at the upper end of the transmission shaft 48 may be fed in a straight line across the carriage 47, the direction of this feed being controlled by the previous rotary adjustment of the carriage itself. In Fi 2 I have illustrated carriage 47 as set to eed at right angles to the axis of the work but it W111 be obvious that if conical shoulders were desired, it could be set to feed at an angle and generate them. The slide 50 cartries the tool ;holder 19 slidable with respect to the slide in a direction at right angles to the motion thereof being actuated in such motion manuall by-a suitable rack and a pinion rotated y means'of the handle 52 and beingclamped in position by the handle 53 in the customary manner fully'described in my copendin application, Serial No. 336,705 'above're erred to. j

The means I have vprovided for simultaneously actuating the rear tool in proper timed relation to the motion of the front tool comprise, in this instance, a radiall acting cam 54 rotating simultaneously wit the cams 22 and 34 at the same speed and in the, present embodiment carried by and mounted u on the end of the longitudinal shaft 20. rear drive shaft 55 extends longitudinally under the rear carriage passing through a'bevel gear splined upon 1t, said bevel gear being supported in a bracket dependin from the rear. base 44 and. meshing with a evel' gear 57 to actuate the shaft 48. The rear drive shaft 55 may be actuated by a transversely slidable rack58 supported in .a bearing 58 meshing with a suitable gear 59 carried by the. shaft '55 and having a roller 60 engaging-the radially acting cam 54. Any, suitable 'means for. maintaini the roller GO'incontact with'thecam 54 an for returning Ithe rear tools 18 to their initial position at the end of a cycle 'ofoperations may be provided as, for instance, the compression spring 61 suitably socketed in the carriage. 47. a I

I have illustrated a suitable transmission for simultaneously actuating the shafts 20 and 33 to control the automatic operation of the front andrear tools. Referring to Fig. 3;the shaft 20 carries a" gear 62 that receives motion from a small pinion 63 rotating simultaneously witha gear 64 which in turn meshes with a gear 65 journaled on the shaft 7 66 for simultaneous rotation with-a worm wheel67.- A readily detachable or hinged cover; 65 may be previdedlfor enclosing the gears ,63, 64 and 65 and'the worm wheel 67, upon removal or opening of which, gears 64 and 65-inay be inter'changedor removed and replaced to rovide any desired ratio 4 for the transmission Power is transmitted from the live spindle 68 through suitable transmission gears and a clutch controlled by: the hand lever 69 to the worm shaft .70 to ing 71 and carries a suitable ,gear. 72 having actuate thejwormwheel 67: The shaft is journaled at the head stoek'end in a casthe'same number of teeth as the gear 62 on the shaft Y20 and driven therefrom through a "pai'r of suitable intermediate gears 73 and I I Figs. 5, 6 and7, I have illustrated a cam 75 performing the same function as the cam 22 ofFig. 1, but located on the shaft adjace'ntthe where it may conveniently' be replaced. A suitable connection the carriage 21 and in a bearing The transmission head '78 is adjustably :clampedon the rod. 76'.'at the tail stockend apparent that the cam 75 isadaptedto performthesame functionsas the cam .22 and tuation of the carriage by other means,

adapted to engage the'cam 75f Itwill be that the transmission from it to the carriage 21 may be readily dismounted to permitafisue for instance, as the customary screw thread arrangement for normalactuation ofthe carriage; 'It will also .-be apparent that the cam-Z5'may bereadily replaced by cams of .variou shapesand sizes to automatically performthe various operations required.

7 While I have illustrated and described 'detail two specific embodiments of-my infvention, it should be clearlyunderstood that the description is only'for purposes of illustration and that many vanations and modicover 1 all such ficationswill naturally occur to those skilled inwthe art. I aim in the subjoined claims to legitimate variations and;

modifications. v r

-I claim as my invention:

1. The meth d of machining a piece of work having a pair of cylindrical portions of different diameters and an'annular shoulder separating such portions, which consists in feeding a tool radially'intoithe rotating work to produce a radial cut of a desired depth at the shoulder, subsequently feedi'n said tool longitudinally; away from s'ai' the tool'inwardly, and feedin a second tool material having va plurality'o "portions of successivelymdiauy'int" en e m n 'wit said work to er ing. Said turning op; eration.

face said shoul 2. The method of aieoe l of 'tions, comprising first; .-the step. of fe a plurality of front tools radially into said a work to a desired point, second; the step. of subsequently feeding said front tools longiv tudinally away: from said -shoulders, and

- to face said shoulder at any cy indricaldecreasing. diam shoulders at anytime during the cycle of operation. c 3. A lathe for machining a piece of work having a pair .of cylindrical portions of dif- Jferent diameters and a shoulder separating such portions, comprising, in combination, a front tool support and a rear tool-support, a tool carried by each of said supports, the

' front tool support being movable transversely and also longitudinally relative to the work and therear tool support bein .mov-

able transversely relative to the wor. and

"synchronously operating automaticmeans for effecting, first, a feeding of the tool on the front tool support transversely into engagement with the work at said shoulder to a redetermined depth, "second, the longiof the lathe and carries a suitable roller-7 9 laud mal movement ofthe tool on the. front support "away from the shoulder whileit continues to be held-inwardly, and, third,

the transverse movement of the tool on the rear support into engagement with the work time following the first cutting operatiom acv 4; A lath having, in combination, a f'r ont tool-carriage, a rear tool carriage, ,a' longitudinally-extending drive-shaft carrying a camoperativelyconnected to said front tool carriage to move said carriage longitudijnally, another cam carried by said'fshaft op-,

eratively connected to said rear toolxcar- "-riage, a cross slide on said front tool carriage, and a third cam .operatively connected with said drive shaft for actuating'said cross slide." f v 5; A lathe having, in combination, a front tool carriage and a rear tool carriage, a drive shaft, cam means on' said drive shaftfor actuating said front tool carriage longitudinally, cam means on said drive shaft; for

actuating said reartool carriage, a cross slide on said front tool carriage, cam means actuated by said'drive shaft for operating said cross slide, a live spindle, and a transmission from said spindle {to said drive shaft, said transmission includin a clutch, a

speed -redueingmeans, and spee changing meansif 3 v 6; A lathe havin ,inconibinatwn, a front tool and airea'r too cam means for controlfor controllin the longitudinal motion of said fronttoo and cam means for controlling the transverse, motion of said front tool, a jsingle "shaft operatively. conmeans '5 or rotating; said drive shaft.

'- -7. A lathe having, in combination, a front 'tooland a rear-tp'ol,can 1 means .for controlling the motion of, said rear'tool, cam

means for controlling the longitudinal motion of .saidf'front tool and cam means for the monom r said rear tool, cam means I controlling the transverse motion 03E said a front tool, a single drive shaft 0 eratively connected with said cam means orsimultaneous properl timed actuation thereof, a live s indle, and a speed reducin transmission rom said spindle to said rive shaft, the speed reduction being largely accomplished in a single step by the use of a worm and worm wheel.

8 A lathe having, in oombination,'a front tool and a rear tool, cam means for controlling the motion of said rear tool, cam means said front tool and cam means for controlling the transverse motion of said front tool 16 worm from said live fspindle, a worm wheel -20 driven by said worm, and a' transmission including change speed gears between said I worm and said drive shaft.

Intestimonywhereof, I have hereunto set my hand. 1 v

GUSTAF'DAVID SUNDSTRAND. 

